Smith



'(No ModeL) F. E. GOLDSMITH. VESSEL FOR REGEIVING LIQUIDS.

No. 430,425. Patented June 17, 1890.

Invefitor Attorney UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK E. GOLDSMITH, OF HAMlLTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO H. H. AUGSPURGER, OF SAME PLACE.

VESSEL FOR RECEIVING LIQUIDS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 430,425, dated June 17, 1890.

Application filed February 10, 1890. Serial No. 339,891. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK E. GOLD? SMITH, of Hamilton, Butler county, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vessels for Receiving Liquids, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to vessels for receiving liquids, and has special reference to such species of that general class of vessels as are [0 desired to receive their contents noiselessly. In this species of vessels attempts have been made to secure the desired result of noiselessness by various contrivances. Among others a sloping horizontal diaphragm has been proposed, the diaphragm draining to a single lower one of its side edges; but the desired result has not been attained, owing to the fact that the flowof liquid is too much concentrated and too apt to result not only in a failure to prevent the fundamental noises, but to produce blubbering noises in addition.

My improvements will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying draw- 2 5 ings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical diametrical section of a vessel of the species referred to, serving as an exemplification of my invention, and Fig. 2 a plan of the same.

In the drawings, A indicates the vessel, whose body may have the indicated form or any other form adapting it for its intended purpose.

B is the upper edge or rim of the vessel, 5 the same being intended to receive an ordinary cover, if a cover is desired, as will generally be the case.

C is a sub-cover forming a diaphragm in the vessel at some distance'below its rim, this 40 diaphragm having a convex surface presented upwardly, the sub-cover being sustained in position in the vessel by anyappropriate means of rest or suspension which will prevent the further descent of the sub-cover and which will permit its ready removal from the vessel, preference being given to the supporting device hereinafter described.

D is an inwardly-projecting upwardly-presenting shoulder around within the vessel to serve as a rest to receive and support the subcover, this shoulder having preferably the general form shown in the drawings-that is to say, its cross-section is such that the upper surface of the shoulderjoins theinterior wall of that portion of the vessel below the shoul- 5 5 der by a continuous curved line as distinguished from a line presenting abrupt junctures, as would be the case if the shoulder were formed, for instance, with a horizontal upper surface and a horizontal lower surface joined by a vertical inwall.

E is a series of drain-notches in the periphcry of the sub-cover where the same makes contact with the supporting-shoulder D.

F is a handle formed with or secured to the sub-cover and serving as a means by which it may be lifted from place.-

G is a vent-hole through the sub-cover at a point above the level of the lower edge of the sub-cover, this vent-hole being preferably arranged, as indicated, so as to have its upper opening Within and protected by the ring-like handle, and H a depressed margin upon the upper surface of the sub-cover, formed by simply lowering the upper surface of the sub- 7 cover for a desired width at the margin.

The term sub-cover implies the presence of a cover above; but it is of course to be understood that such upper cover is not essential, in absence of which upper cover the So term diaphragm may be more appropriate.

The office of the notches E is to provide a circumferential series of passage-ways for the liquid down past the juncture between the sub-cover and shoulder. In the ordinary '8 5 course of manufacture it is quite likely that the sub-cover and shoulder will not so perfectly join each other as to entirely prevent the downflow of liquid, and the, ordinary. looseness which will exist around the edge of the sub-cover will permit of a certain degree of freedom of flow to the shoulder. This might be all-sufficient for very small quantities of liquid delivered to the vessel; but to provide for a more liberal delivery it is very desirable 5 that the drain-notches E or equivalent openings be provided.

The liquid will be delivered substantially on the crown of the sub-cover and will flow downward somewhat freely toward the mar- I00 gin thereof. Reaching the shoulder at the inner border of the margin H the comparatively free streams of liquid tend to become spread out and mo re evenly distrib uted around the circumference of the sub-cover, the liquid fiowin g down the margin, thus taking the form of a more extendedbut shallower stream of annular form flowing radially. This shallow body of liquid, thus flowing, drops from the periphery of the sub-cover into the vessel in such subdivided or attenuated bodies as to produce little or no noise, and the effect is enhanced by the shoulder D, which tends to effecta still more even circumferential distribution of the liquid, if needed, and the continuous curved cross-sectional form of the shoulder D tends to cause the attenuated bodies of liquid to creep down the inner walls of the vessel rather than to fall vertically.

The vent-hole G, by providing an air-outlet from the interior of the vessel, serves to prevent such blubbering noises as result from such a free flow of liquid down the sub-cover as would effect a simultaneous closure of all the marginal passages into the vessel. The upper orifice of this vent-hole is elevated above the immediate surface of the sub-cover, so that the downflow of liquid on the subcover will not cause a closure of the venthole, and the location of this upper orifice within and under the protection of the ringlike handle serves in preventing the closure of the vent-hole by fouling.

A realization of my invention requires that the sub-cover shall form a convex diaphragm entirely across the vessel, as distinguished from a mere sloping partial diaphragm.

It has been proposed to insert a flat or sloping sub-cover across half the area of the vessel, this sub-cover having drain-passages at its periphery; but water delivered on this sloping sub-cover tended to flow down that sub-cover and be concentrated at the center of the foot of the s ope. My experiments have shown me that concentration of flow must by all means be avoided. For instance, a concave sub-coverwith a group of central discharge-openings not only fails to accomplish the desired purpose, but actually increases the noise which it is desired to lessen. I find this also to be the case with a flat sloping subcover covering half the vessel and tending to concentrate the flow of water at the base of the slope. In my construction the sub-cover is convex, and its tendency, instead of being toward concentration of the water, is toward distribution around the entire periphery, where the delivery may take place mildly by reason ofthe extended subdivision. The rationale is therefore seen to be directly the reverse of anything tending toward concentration of flow. Again, to effect still further the subdivision of the flow as it passes down the convexity of .the sub-cover I employ the depressed margin H. Where the upper portion of the sub-cover joins this margin there is therefore an annular shoulder. The flowing water reaching this shoulder falls onto the margin, as a delicate annular cataract, so to speak, and a further distribution is thereby effected. In other words, the body of wa ter, though small and shallow, cannot flow uninterruptedly from the top of the subcover to the drain-passages at its periphery, but instead the flow is broken at the cataract, and a more perfect distribution is thereby effected during the flow of the water from the shoulder to the drain-passages.

I claim as my invention 1. In a vessel of the species indicated, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a vessel-body having an upper rim, and a subcover supported in said vessel below said rim and having a convex upper surface and drainpassages at its periphery, and provided with a vent-hole having its upper orifice above the immediate upper surface of the sub-cover.

2. In a vessel of the species indicated, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a Vessel-body having an upper rim, a sub-cover supported in said vessel below said rim and having a convex upper surface and peripheral drain-passages, and provided with a venthole having its upper orifice above the immediate upper surface of the sub-cover, and a ring-like handle formed with or attached to said sub-cover and protecting the upper surface of said vent-hole.

3. In a vessel of the species indicated, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a vessel-body having an upper rim and provided with an interior shoulder below said rim, and a sub-cover supported by said shoulder and having a convex upper surface and peripheral drain-passages 4. In a vessel of the species indicated, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a vessel-body having an upper rim, and provided below said rim with an upwardly-facing shoulder joining the inwall of said vessel below said shoulder by a continuous curved line, and a sub-cover supported by said shoulder and having a convex upper surface and peripheral drain-passages.

FREDERICK GOLDSMITH.

WVitnesscs:

J. WV. SEE, A. 0. ROGERS. 

